Search results for "Controlled studies"
showing 10 items of 18 documents
THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF INFLUENZA VACCINATION IN OLDER PEOPLE: AN UMBRELLA REVIEW OF EVIDENCE FROM META-ANALYSES OF BOTH OBSERVATIONAL AND RANDOMI…
2020
Vaccination is the main public health intervention to prevent influenza. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of influenza vaccination including systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Peer-reviewed systematic reviews with meta-analyses of prospective studies that investigated the association of influenza vaccination with any health-related outcome, as well as RCTs that investigated the efficacy and safety of influenza vaccination, were included. Among 1240 references, 6 meta-analyses were included. In cohort studies of community-dwelling older people influenza vaccination was associated with a lower risk of hospitalizat…
Faecal immunochemical tests: A valuable tool for colorectal cancer screening
2012
Colorectal cancer is a major health problem in industrialized ountries and fulfils the conditions required to justifymass screenng of the general population. Population-based controlled studies erformed in Europe have shown that guaiac faecal occult blood esting (G-FOBT) followed by colonoscopy to detect the cause of leeding can reduce colorectal cancer mortality [1]. Nearly all pubished studies evaluated the Hemoccult II (Beckman Coulter Inc., ea, USA) faecal occult blood test. Screening for colorectal caner using FOBT has, therefore, been included in the European Code gainst Cancer and has been endorsed by the European Commision [2]. Despite its high specificity, Hemoccult has been critic…
Gravimetrically Controlled Efficacy of Subcorial Curettage: A Prospective Study for Treatment of Axillary Hyperhidrosis
2002
Botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) proved to be effective for the treatment of axillary hyperhidrosis by means of gravimetry. Quantitatively controlled studies for surgical treatment are lacking so far.To prospectively test the efficacy of subcorial axillary curettage by gravimetric evaluation of pre- and postsurgical sweat rates.Conservatively pretreated patients received subcorial curettage under tumescent local anesthesia using a sharp spoon. Sweat rates of each axilla were determined gravimetrically before and 4-8 weeks after surgery. Evaluation was performed with respect to baseline sweat rates greater than 50 mg/min (group A), greater than 25 and less than 50 mg/min (group B), and less than 25…
Treatment of cutaneous lupus erythematosus: current practice variations
2015
The treatment of cutaneous lupus erythematous (CLE) remains a challenge. Most of the therapeutic options used in CLE have not been tested in randomized controlled studies and to date no agent has been approved. Therefore, CLE treatment is mostly based on personal experience. To better characterize therapeutic habits among physicians treating CLE patients, a questionnaire-based study about various aspects of topical and systemic treatment for CLE has been performed. The questionnaire was distributed among CLE experts, mostly from Japan, the USA, and Europe. A total of 82 completed questionnaires were assessed. High-potent and potent corticosteroids as well as calcineurin inhibitors were the…
Effect of Foot Orthoses and Shoes in Parkinson's Disease Patients : A PRISMA Systematic Review
2021
[Abstract] Reduced plantar foot sensation, postural instability, and gait difficulties are characteristic of Parkinson´s disease patients. A systematic review was carried out to determine the effect of the different types of insoles and shoes in these patients. Several databases were used to search for relevant articles reporting Parkinson´s disease patients undergoing treatment with any type of insole and footwear. All titles and abstracts were reviewed independently by two reviewers and the available data were extracted. The study eligibility criteria were any type of experimental study that included Parkinson’s disease patients treated with any type of insole or footwear. Eight studies w…
Utility of Procalcitonin for Diagnosis of Superimposed Infections in Patients With Acute Heart Failure.
2016
Respiratory infections are well-known precipitant factors for heart failure decompensations. Nevertheless, the diagnosis of life-threatening infections, such as pneumonia, is challenging. Pneumonia and acute heart failure often display overlapping clinical findings and, in other cases, more accurate infection-related findings are missing. In recent years, procalcitonin has emerged as a promising tool for early and accurate diagnosis of pneumonia and, interestingly, for guiding antibiotic therapy in patients with acute heart failure. We discuss two cases of acute heart failure with high procalcitonin on admission and different clinical outcomes. In this setting, procalcitonin may be a useful…
Psychotropic Drugs in the Management of Chronic Pain Syndromes
1993
Psychotropic drugs have been integrated into the management of chronic pain syndromes for more than 30 years. Numerous open and controlled studies have taken place evaluating especially the antinociceptive efficacy of antidepressive drugs. This survey comprises the results of clinical reports, open clinical studies, placebo-controlled studies, and comparative studies of different substances. It will be shown that antidepressants are by far the best evaluated psychopharmacological substances, showing superiority against placebo in 70% of a total of 67 placebo-controlled studies. The synopsis of controlled comparison studies of different antidepressants tends to demonstrate a superiority of c…
Stimulation of the sphenopalatine ganglion in intractable cluster headache: expert consensus on patient selection and standards of care.
2014
Context and overview Chronic cluster headache (CCH) is a debilitating headache disorder with a significant impairment of the patients' lives. Within the past decade, various invasive neuromodulatory approaches have been proposed for the treatment of CCH refractory to standard preventive drug, but only very few randomized controlled studies exist in the field of neuromodulation for the treatment of drug-refractory headaches. Based on the prominent role of the cranial parasympathetic system in acute cluster headache attacks, high-frequency sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) stimulation has been shown to abort ongoing attacks in some patients in a first small study. As preventive effects of SPG-sti…
The effect of pre-anaesthetic assessment clinic: a systematic review of randomised and non-randomised prospective controlled studies
2021
ABSTRACTObjectivesThe aim of this systematic review was to examine the effectiveness of pre-anaesthetic assessment clinics (PACs) implemented to improve quality and patient safety in perioperative care.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesThe electronic databases CINAHL Plus with Full Text (EBSCOhost), Medline, and Embase (OvidSP) were systematically searched from 1st April, 1996 to 4th February, 2021.Eligibility criteriaThe main inclusion criterion was that the study, using empirical quantitative methods, addressed the effectiveness of PACs.Data extraction and synthesisTitles, abstracts, and full texts were screened in duplicate by two authors. Risk of bias assessment, using the Joanna Brig…
Erste Erfahrungen mit Amisulprid, einem in Deutschland neuen, atypischen Neuroleptikum in der Behandlung von Jugendlichen mit psychischen Erkrankungen
2001
Zusammenfassung: Fragestellung: Neben den klassischen Neuroleptika finden bei Jugendlichen zunehmend atypische Neuroleptika zur Behandlung schizophrener und schizoaffektiver Psychosen Verwendung. Seit Beginn des Jahres 1999 ist in Deutschland in der Behandlung akuter schizophrener Psychosen ein neues, offensichtlich wirkungsvolles Neuroleptikum aus der Gruppe der Benzamide verfügbar: Amisulprid. Erste Erfahrungen mit der Anwendung von Amisulprid werden berichtet. Methode: Zehn gut dokumentierte Behandlungsverläufe bei Jugendlichen unter Behandlung mit Amisulprid werden hinsichtlich Effektivität, unerwünschter Wirkungen und Dosierung berichtet. Ergebnisse: Erste Erfahrungen im Einsatz von Am…